The complement of blue is orange.
The complement of yellow is purple.
The complement of red is green.
The warm colors scheme is of red, orange, and yellow.
The cool colors scheme is of blue, green, and purple.
The neutral colors are black, white, gray, and brown.
The four forms that are found in many objects are cylinder, cone, cube, and sphere. These forms should be transferred to shape as you draw.
Know the classroom procedures and expectations. See the class procedures website for more information.
A replica of an original porcelain doll sculpture is considered "junk art" or kitsch by the art world.
Fine art is an original artwork that is created exclusively for the purpose of viewing (for example-sculpture).
Applied art is an original artwork that is designed to be functional (for example-clothing).
Color, line, shape, form, space, and texture are elements of design. The principles of design are variety, balance, emphasis, proportion, harmony, movement, rhythm, and unity. See your handouts or the elements and principles page at this website for more information.
Know Hatching, Cross-hatching, Blending, & Stippling.
In order to begin drawing a frontal view of a face, you must begin by drawing an upside-down egg. Plumb lines are used to draw the face as well as other objects. Plumb lines are guide lines that help you achieve more accurate proportion as you draw.
Know geometric and organic shapes
Know shape (2-D) and form (3-D)
Know the 3 L's of Art (Draw Lightly, Draw by Looking Carefully, and Draw Large)
Know medium vs. media.
Drawing
Hatching Cross-hatching Blending Stippling
The four forms that are found in many objects are cylinder, cone, cube, and sphere. These forms should be transferred to shape as you draw.
Know the 3 L's of Art (Draw Lightly, Draw by Looking Carefully, and Draw Large)
Plumb lines are guidelines that help you draw. They help you with proportion.
Know medium (1 tool for example pencil) vs. media (2 or more tools for example pencil, pen, marker, glitter, glue, etc.).
While painting or drawing with any medium, it is important that the artist paints or draws the:
1. Background first
2. Middle ground second
3. and Foreground last.
Painting
Describe each of the following painting terms:
Acrylic – synthetic paint and commonly used today. You can correct your errors with this paint. It is fast drying and it allows you to work faster.
Watercolor – water-based and commonly used today. No corrections allowed. It is fast drying and it allows you to work faster.
Tempera – Used in the past and it is made of egg yolk.
Fresco – you must have wet plaster and a wet pigment soaked brush. The pigment migrates thick into the surface of the plaster. This was used mainly in the medieval days and the renaissance.
Oil – Oil based. It was created in the Renaissance. Slow drying and messy to use.
Palette – plate for mixing paint
Glaze – thin application of paint…especially oil (da Vinci’s Mona Lisa), watercolor, and acrylic paint.
Impasto – thick application of paint. Van Gogh actually squeezed paint straight from the tube to create works featuring impasto
Opaque – Cannot see through it
Transparent – Can see through it
Translucent – Can see through it, but not clearly
Binder – A substance that suspends pigment (color).
Pigment – Color
Solvent – A substance that removes paint.
Art Criticism
Art Criticism is the process of carefully studying, interpreting, gathering facts for understanding, and judging art works.
An art critic is a person who practices art criticism.
If you practice art criticism, it can lead to improvements in your own work, help you examine and understand the artwork of others, and help you gain a better understanding for all types of art.
The four steps for acting as an art critic are
1. Describing what is in the artwork
2. Analyzing how it is designed or put together
3. Interpreting its meaning
4. Judging its success.
When you describe realistic artworks, you must first look at the
1. Size and medium
2. Subject, objects, and details
3. Describe the elements and principles
When you describe abstract artworks, you must look at the elements and principles for meaning.
Analyzing art works refers to noticing how the principles are used to organize the elements (color, line, shape, form, texture, and space).
As you interpret work, you will determine and explain the meaning, mood, or idea of art.
Interpreting realistic and abstract artworks requires that you ask questions that begin with who, what, where, when, why, or how. Sometimes you must be very observant and think outside of the box to figure out the meaning of art.
Judging artworks requires that you ask two questions. IS the art good or successful? Why?
Judging means making a decision about a work's success or lack of success and giving reasons to support that decision.
Fine art is created for viewing purposes. It cannot be used in your everyday life other than for mere decoration. For example, a picture of a kitty painted by your Aunt Sally can only be used to hang in your room. Hand-made paintings or sculptures are examples of fine art.
Because aesthetic views differ from person to person, there are many ways to judge fine art - Aunt Sally's painting. Some people believe that art is successful based on one or more of the following:
1. its ability to imitate reality...Does the art show realism?
2. the composition...Did the artist use the elements and principles in an effective manner?
3. its mood or feeling expressed...Do I feel any emotion as I look at the artwork?
Applied art is functional. It is useful in your everyday life. For example, a scarf knitted by your Aunt Sally may be worn to keep you warm. A hand-made scarf, chair, fruit bowl, etc. are examples of applied art.
There are five steps for looking at applied art.
1. Describing
2. Analyzing
3. Interpreting
4. Judging
5. Determining Functionality - Does it work?
Printmaking
Printmaking is transferring one inked mage from one prepared surface to another. It is very handy. Printmaking allows and artist to create many copies. It is nearly 2000 years old and the Chinese were some of the first to call it fine art.
IN order to make prints, you must:
1. Make a printing plate...usually by carving into something soft or by acid etching metal
2. Ink the plate...apply ink to plate so that it can be transferred
3. Transfer the image...usually to paper or some other flat material such as cloth
Usually after completing an edition, the artist will destroy or disfigure the plate. What would 32/95 mean if it were written on the back of a print? It would mean that that particular print was the 32nd print out of 95 total prints in that edition.
Techniques for printmaking:
1. Relief Printing - the image to be printed is raised from a background. Example...Stamp.
2. Intaglio - the image to be printed is cut or etched in a surface.
3. Lithography - the image to be printed is on limestone, zinc, or aluminum with a greasy crayon
4. Silk Screen - the image to be printed is on a screen that has masked areas that will not allow paint to pass through to the printing area. Paint will only pass where the area has not been blocked.
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