Reading Tutor 120

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1. Functional Literacy- A level of reading ability that gives an individual the opportunity to cope effectively with the general day to day world of reading.

2. Independent Level- The reading level at which an individual can read and comprehend fully without any assistance.

3. Instructional Level- The reading level at which an individual requires a teacher’s assistance with vocabulary and comprehension. This is the potential growth level of reading.

4. Frustration Level - The reading level at which an individual cannot acquire meaning from print. The only outcome of a student reading at this level is a greater distaste for reading. This level is two years or more above a person’s instructional level.

5. Prior Knowledge-The information one has about a reading topic prior to reading the passage.

6. Psycholinguistics - A field of psychology that investigates how people learn and use language. (A development of insights into how the brain processes information of a graphic nature.

7. Linguistics - The study of language, in particular its sounds, meanings and syntax.

8. Cognition - The intellectual process of knowing

9. Transfer of Learning - The use of one’s experiences and concepts to interpret and comprehend new, yet similar concepts – the application of knowledge to new situations.

10. Experiential Base- An individual’s world of knowledge – all that one knows.

11. Phoneme- The smallest unit of speech sound that distinguishes one utterance from another.

12. Miscue- A miscue is a word uttered by a reader which is not the exact word printed on the page. It may be either positive (fits meaning) or negative (distorts meaning).

13. Phonics- A reading strategy that depends on the translation of a letter symbol into its sound with or without comprehension.

14. Running Record- A strategy used to determine a reading level and to analyze reading errors

15. Semantics - The word knowledge in a language essential to prediction and, consequently, comprehension in reading.

16. Syntax - The word order in language essential to word prediction in context.

17. Consonants - A sound in speech other than a vowel expressed by a letter or letters

18. Prediction - The strongest reading strategy. It’s prompted only by the act of comprehension of a passage gained through access to prior knowledge.